This book ends by summarising the main themes that surfaced throughout this period, such as the impact of US leadership on ANZUS and the British role in causing policy disagreements between the signatories. It also outlines how these issues set the foundations for future policy issues, such as trans-Tasman participation in the Vietnam War despite British non-participation, New Zealand withdrawal from ANZUS in the mid-1980s, and Australia invoking ANZUS for the first time in the wake of the September 11 terrorist attacks. In short, the conclusion demonstrates how this study provides a solid framework for understanding the early motives and issues that shaped the trilateral relationship for the remainder of the 20th century and beyond.